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* Review the message model. Can it represent a complete request or
* Review the message model. Can it represent a complete request or审查消息模型。它能否表示一个完整的请求或
06/20/2026
User avatar Bstran

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The general strategy used by the author to evaluate external libraries is as follows:
The general strategy used by the author to evaluate external libraries is as follows:作者评估外部库的总体策略如下：
06/20/2026
User avatar Bstran

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There are a few C++ published libraries which implement some of the HTTP protocol. We analyze the message model chosen by those libraries and discuss the advantages and disadvantages relative to Beast.
There are a few C++ published libraries which implement some of the HTTP protocol. We analyze the message model chosen by those libraries and discuss the advantages and disadvantages relative to Beast.目前已有一些 C++ 库实现了部分 HTTP 协议。我们将分析这些库所采用的消息模型，并讨论它们相对于 Beast 的优缺点。
06/20/2026
User avatar Bstran

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HTTP Comparison to Other Libraries
HTTP Comparison to Other Libraries与其他库的比较
06/20/2026
User avatar Bstran

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In conclusion, this representation for the message container is well thought out, provides comprehensive flexibility, and avoids the necessity of defining additional traits classes. User declarations of functions that accept headers or messages as parameters are easy to write in a variety of ways to accomplish different results, without forcing cumbersome SFINAE declarations everywhere.
In conclusion, this representation for the message container is well thought out, provides comprehensive flexibility, and avoids the necessity of defining additional traits classes. User declarations of functions that accept headers or messages as parameters are easy to write in a variety of ways to accomplish different results, without forcing cumbersome SFINAE declarations everywhere.综上所述，这种消息容器的表示方式经过深思熟虑，提供了全面的灵活性，并且免去了定义额外特征类（traits classes）的必要。用户声明接受头部或消息作为参数的函数时，可以通过多种方式轻松编写，以实现不同的目的，而无需在代码中到处使用繁琐的 SFINAE 声明。
06/20/2026
User avatar Bstran

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This container is also capable of representing complete HTTP/2 messages. Not because it was explicitly designed for, but because the IETF wanted to preserve message compatibility with HTTP/1. Aside from version specific fields such as Connection, the contents of HTTP/1 and HTTP/2 messages are identical even though their serialized representation is considerably different. The message model presented in this library is ready for HTTP/2.
This container is also capable of representing complete HTTP/2 messages. Not because it was explicitly designed for, but because the IETF wanted to preserve message compatibility with HTTP/1. Aside from version specific fields such as Connection, the contents of 该容器同样能够表示完整的 HTTP/2 消息。这并非因为它是为此而专门设计的，而是因为 IETF 希望保持与 HTTP/1 的消息兼容性。除了像 `Connection` 这类特定于版本的字段之外，HTTP/1 and和 HTTP/2 messages are identical even though their serialized representation is considerably different. The message model presented in this library is ready for HTTP/2.消息的内容是完全相同的，尽管它们的序列化表示形式存在显著差异。因此，本库中展示的消息模型已经为 HTTP/2 做好了准备。
06/20/2026
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response<file_body> res; ```
response<file_body> res; ```
06/20/2026
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This allows concise specification for the common cases, while allowing for maximum customization for edge cases: ``` request<string_body> req;
This allows concise specification for the common cases, while allowing for maximum customization for edge cases: 这样既能以简洁的方式满足常见需求，又能为边缘情况提供最大程度的定制空间：``` request<string_body> req;
06/20/2026
User avatar Bstran

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/// An HTTP response template<class Body, class Fields = fields> using response = message<false, Body, Fields>; ```
/// An一个 HTTP response响应 template<class Body, class Fields = fields> using response = message<false, Body, Fields>; ```
06/20/2026
User avatar Bstran

Translation changed
/// An HTTP request template<class Body, class Fields = fields> using request = message<true, Body, Fields>;
/// An一个 HTTP request请求 template<class Body, class Fields = fields> using request = message<true, Body, Fields>;
06/20/2026
User avatar Bstran

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/// An HTTP message template<bool isRequest, class Body, class Fields = fields> struct message;
/// An一个 HTTP message消息 template<bool isRequest, class Body, class Fields = fields> struct message;
06/20/2026
User avatar Bstran

Translation changed
/// An HTTP message template<bool isRequest, class Body, class Fields = fields> struct message;
/// An HTTP message template<bool isRequest, class Body, class Fields = fields> struct message;
06/20/2026
User avatar Bstran

Translation changed
``` /// An HTTP header template<bool isRequest, class Body, class Fields = fields> struct header;
``` /// An一个 HTTP header头部 template<bool isRequest, class Body, class Fields = fields> struct header;
06/20/2026
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Now that we've accomplished our initial goals and more, there are a few more quality of life improvements to make. Users will choose different types for `Body` far more often than they will for `Fields`. Thus, we swap the order of these types and provide a default. Then, we provide type aliases for requests and responses to soften the impact of using `bool` to choose the specialization:
Now that we've accomplished our initial goals and more, there are a few more quality of life improvements to make. Users will choose different types for `Body` far more often than they will for `Fields`. Thus, we swap the order of these types and provide a default. Then, we provide type aliases for requests and responses to soften the impact of using `bool` to choose the specialization:初步目标已超额达成，接下来还需进行一些提升易用性的改进。由于用户为 `Body` 选择自定义类型的频率远高于为 `Fields` 选择，因此将这两者的模板参数顺序互换，并为 `Fields` 提供默认类型。随后，为请求和响应提供类型别名，以缓解直接使用 `bool` 来选择特化版本带来的不便：
06/20/2026
User avatar Bstran

Translation changed
}; ```
}; ```
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User avatar Bstran

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Now we add a requirement to the fields type: management of the corresponding string is delegated to the [*Fields] container, which can already be allocator aware and constructed with the necessary allocator parameter via the provided constructor overloads for `message`. The delegation implementation looks like this (only the response header specialization is shown): ``` /// An HTTP response header template<class Fields> struct header<false, Fields> : Fields {
Now we add a requirement to the fields type: management of the corresponding string is delegated to the [*Fields] container, which can already be allocator aware and constructed with the necessary allocator parameter via the provided constructor overloads for `message`. The delegation implementation looks like this (only the response header specialization is shown): 对 `Fields` 类型增加一项要求：将对应字符串的管理委托给 `Fields` 容器。该容器本身已具备分配器感知能力，且可通过 `message` 提供的构造函数重载，使用必要的分配器参数进行构造。委托的实现方式如下（仅展示响应头部的特化版本）：``` /// An一个 HTTP response header响应头部 template<class Fields> struct header<false, Fields> : Fields {
06/20/2026
User avatar Bstran

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The start-line data members are replaced by traditional accessors using non-owning references to string buffers. The method is stored using a simple integer instead of the entire string, for the case where the method is recognized from the set of known verb strings.
The 起始行（start-line data members are replaced by traditional accessors using non-owning references to string buffers. The method is stored using a simple integer instead of the entire string, for the case where the method is recognized from the set of known verb strings.）的数据成员被替换成传统的访问器（accessors），它们通过不持有所有权的引用来指向字符串缓冲区。此外，对于能从已知动词字符串集合中识别出的方法（method），系统直接使用一个简单的整数来存储，而不再保存完整的字符串。
06/20/2026
User avatar Bstran

Translation changed
}; ```
}; ```
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06/20/2026
User avatar Bstran

Translation changed
/// An HTTP response header template<class Fields> struct header<false, Fields> : Fields {
/// An一个 HTTP response header template<class Fields>响应头部 template struct header<false, Fields> : Fields {
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User avatar Bstran

Translation changed
};
};
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