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Returns:;; The iterator following the erased elements - i.e. `last`. Throws:;; Only throws an exception if it is thrown by `hasher` or `key_equal`. + + In this implementation, this overload doesn't call either function object's methods so it is no throw, but this might not be true in other implementations.
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Requires:;; `nh` is empty or `nh.get_allocator()` is equal to the container's allocator. Returns:;; If `nh` was empty, returns `end()`. + + Otherwise returns an iterator pointing to the newly inserted element. Throws:;; If an exception is thrown by an operation other than a call to hasher the function has no effect. Notes:;; The standard is fairly vague on the meaning of the hint. But the only practical way to use it, and the only way that Boost.Unordered supports is to point to an existing element with the same key. + + Can invalidate iterators, but only if the insert causes the load factor to be greater to or equal to the maximum load factor. + + Pointers and references to elements are never invalidated. + + This can be used to insert a node extracted from a compatible `unordered_set`.
要求：`nh` 为空，或者 `nh.get_allocator()` 等于容器的分配器。
返回：如果 `nh` 为空，则返回 `end()`。
否则，返回指向新插入元素的迭代器。
抛出：如果除调用 `hasher` 之外的操作抛出异常，则该函数无效果。
注意：标准关于 `hint` 的含义表述相当模糊。但唯一实际的使用方式，也是 Boost.Unordered 支持的唯一方式，是将其指向一个具有相同键的已存在元素。
可能使迭代器失效，但仅当插入导致负载因子大于或等于最大负载因子时才会发生。
指向元素的指针和引用永远不会失效。
此函数可用于插入从兼容的 `unordered_set` 中提取的节点。
:927
---
---
Erase by Position
通过位置擦除
```c++ iterator erase(iterator position); iterator erase(const_iterator position); ```
```c++ iterator erase(iterator position); iterator erase(const_iterator position); ```
:936
Erase the element pointed to by `position`.
擦除 `position` 所指向的元素。
Returns:;; The iterator following `position` before the erasure. Throws:;; Only throws an exception if it is thrown by `hasher` or `key_equal`. Notes:;; In older versions this could be inefficient because it had to search through several buckets to find the position of the returned iterator. The data structure has been changed so that this is no longer the case, and the alternative erase methods have been deprecated.
返回：`position` 在被擦除之前的后一个迭代器。
抛出：仅当 `hasher` 或 `key_equal` 抛出异常时才会抛出。
注意：在旧版本中，此操作可能效率较低，因为它需要搜索多个桶以找到返回迭代器的位置。数据结构已经更改，不再是这种情况，并且备用的擦除方法已被弃用。
:943
---
---
Erase by Value
通过值擦除
```c++ size_type erase(const key_type& k); template<class K> size_type erase(K&& x); ```
```c++ size_type erase(const key_type&amp; k); template<class k=""> size_type erase(K&amp;&amp; x); ```</class>
Erase all elements with key equivalent to `k`.
擦除所有键与 `k` 等价的元素。
Returns:;; The number of elements erased. Throws:;; Only throws an exception if it is thrown by `hasher` or `key_equal`. Notes:;; The `template<class K>` overload only participates in overload resolution if `Hash::is_transparent` and `Pred::is_transparent` are valid member typedefs and neither `iterator` nor `const_iterator` are implicitly convertible from `K`. The library assumes that `Hash` is callable with both `K` and `Key` and that `Pred` is transparent. This enables heterogeneous lookup which avoids the cost of instantiating an instance of the `Key` type.
返回：被擦除的元素数量。
抛出：仅当 `hasher` 或 `key_equal` 抛出异常时才会抛出。
注意：`template<class k="">` 重载仅在 `Hash::is_transparent` 和 `Pred::is_transparent` 是有效的成员 typedef，且 `iterator` 和 `const_iterator` 都不能从 `K` 隐式转换时参与重载决议。库假定 `Hash` 可同时使用 `K` 和 `Key` 调用，且 `Pred` 是透明的。这支持了异构查找，从而避免了实例化 `Key` 类型对象的开销。</class>
:958
---
---
Erase Range
范围擦除
```c++ iterator erase(const_iterator first, const_iterator last); ```
```c++ iterator erase(const_iterator first, const_iterator last); ```
Erases the elements in the range from `first` to `last`.
擦除从 `first` 到 `last` 范围内的元素。
Returns:;; The iterator following the erased elements - i.e. `last`. Throws:;; Only throws an exception if it is thrown by `hasher` or `key_equal`. + + In this implementation, this overload doesn't call either function object's methods so it is no throw, but this might not be true in other implementations.
返回：被擦除元素之后的迭代器——即 `last`。
抛出：仅当 `hasher` 或 `key_equal` 抛出异常时才会抛出。
在此实现中，此重载不会调用任何函数对象的方法，因此不会抛出异常，但这在其他实现中可能并不成立。
:974
---
---
quick_erase
quick_erase
```c++ void quick_erase(const_iterator position); ```
```c++ void quick_erase(const_iterator position); ```
:981
Erase the element pointed to by `position`.
擦除 `position` 所指向的元素。
:984
Throws:;; Only throws an exception if it is thrown by `hasher` or `key_equal`. + + In this implementation, this overload doesn't call either function object's methods so it is no throw, but this might not be true in other implementations. Notes:;; This method was implemented because returning an iterator to the next element from erase was expensive, but the container has been redesigned so that is no longer the case. So this method is now deprecated.
抛出：仅当 `hasher` 或 `key_equal` 抛出异常时才会抛出。
在此实现中，此重载不会调用任何函数对象的方法，因此不会抛出异常，但这在其他实现中可能并不成立。
注意：引入此方法是因为从 `erase` 返回指向下一个元素的迭代器成本较高，但容器已经过重新设计，不再存在这种情况。因此，此方法现已弃用。
:989
---
---
erase_return_void
erase_return_void
```c++ void erase_return_void(const_iterator position); ```
```c++ void erase_return_void(const_iterator position); ```
:996
Erase the element pointed to by `position`.
擦除 `position` 所指向的元素。
:999
Throws:;; Only throws an exception if it is thrown by `hasher` or `key_equal`. + + In this implementation, this overload doesn't call either function object's methods so it is no throw, but this might not be true in other implementations. Notes:;; This method was implemented because returning an iterator to the next element from erase was expensive, but the container has been redesigned so that is no longer the case. So this method is now deprecated.
抛出：仅当 `hasher` 或 `key_equal` 抛出异常时才会抛出。
在此实现中，此重载不会调用任何函数对象的方法，因此不会抛出异常，但这在其他实现中可能并不成立。
注意：引入此方法是因为从 `erase` 返回指向下一个元素的迭代器成本较高，但容器已经过重新设计，不再存在这种情况。因此，此方法现已弃用。
:1004
---
---
swap
交换
```c++ void swap(unordered_multiset&) noexcept(boost::allocator_traits<Allocator>::is_always_equal::value && boost::is_nothrow_swappable_v<Hash> && boost::is_nothrow_swappable_v<Pred>); ```
```c++ void swap(unordered_multiset&amp;) noexcept(boost::allocator_traits<allocator>::is_always_equal::value &amp;&amp; boost::is_nothrow_swappable_v<hash> &amp;&amp; boost::is_nothrow_swappable_v<pred>); ```</pred></hash></allocator>
Swaps the contents of the container with the parameter.
交换容器的内容与参数的内容。
:1016
If `Allocator::propagate_on_container_swap` is declared and `Allocator::propagate_on_container_swap::value` is `true` then the containers' allocators are swapped. Otherwise, swapping with unequal allocators results in undefined behavior.
如果 `Allocator::propagate_on_container_swap` 被声明且 `Allocator::propagate_on_container_swap::value` 为 `true`，则交换容器的分配器。否则，使用不相等的分配器进行交换将导致未定义行为。
English Chinese (Simplified Han script) Actions
Requires:;; `value_type` is https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/EmplaceConstructible[EmplaceConstructible^] into `X` from `args`. Returns:;; An iterator pointing to the inserted element. Throws:;; If an exception is thrown by an operation other than a call to `hasher` the function has no effect. Notes:;; The standard is fairly vague on the meaning of the hint. But the only practical way to use it, and the only way that Boost.Unordered supports is to point to an existing element with the same key. + + Can invalidate iterators, but only if the insert causes the load factor to be greater to or equal to the maximum load factor. + + Pointers and references to elements are never invalidated.
要求：`value_type` 必须可以从 `args` 出发在 `X` 中进行 https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/EmplaceConstructible[可原位构造^]。
返回：指向已插入元素的迭代器。
抛出：如果除调用 `hasher` 之外的操作抛出异常，则该函数无效果。
注意：标准关于 `hint` 的含义表述相当模糊。但唯一实际的使用方式，也是 Boost.Unordered 支持的唯一方式，是将其指向一个具有相同键的已存在元素。
可能使迭代器失效，但仅当插入导致负载因子大于或等于最大负载因子时才会发生。
指向元素的指针和引用永远不会失效。
Copy Insert
复制插入
```c++ iterator insert(const value_type& obj); ```
```c++ iterator insert(const value_type&amp; obj); ```
Requires:;; `value_type` is https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/CopyInsertable[CopyInsertable^]. Returns:;; An iterator pointing to the inserted element. Throws:;; If an exception is thrown by an operation other than a call to `hasher` the function has no effect. Notes:;; Can invalidate iterators, but only if the insert causes the load factor to be greater to or equal to the maximum load factor. + + Pointers and references to elements are never invalidated.
要求：`value_type` 满足 https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/named_req/CopyInsertable[可拷贝插入^]。
返回：指向已插入元素的迭代器。
抛出：如果除调用 `hasher` 之外的操作抛出异常，则该函数无效果。
注意：可能使迭代器失效，但仅当插入导致负载因子大于或等于最大负载因子时才会发生。
指向元素的指针和引用永远不会失效。
Move Insert with Hint
带提示的移动插入
```c++ iterator insert(const_iterator hint, value_type&& obj); ```
```c++ iterator insert(const_iterator hint, value_type&amp;&amp; obj); ```
Insert Iterator Range
迭代器范围插入
```c++ void insert(std::initializer_list<value_type> il); ```
```c++ void insert(std::initializer_list<value_type> il); ```</value_type>
```c++ node_type extract(const key_type& k); template<class K> node_type extract(K&& k); ```
```c++ node_type extract(const key_type&amp; k); template<class k=""> node_type extract(K&amp;&amp; k); ```</class>
Erase all elements with key equivalent to `k`.
擦除所有键与 `k` 等价的元素。
Insert with `node_handle`
通过 `node_handle` 插入
Returns:;; The number of elements erased. Throws:;; Only throws an exception if it is thrown by `hasher` or `key_equal`. Notes:;; The `template<class K>` overload only participates in overload resolution if `Hash::is_transparent` and `Pred::is_transparent` are valid member typedefs and neither `iterator` nor `const_iterator` are implicitly convertible from `K`. The library assumes that `Hash` is callable with both `K` and `Key` and that `Pred` is transparent. This enables heterogeneous lookup which avoids the cost of instantiating an instance of the `Key` type.
返回：被擦除的元素数量。
抛出：仅当 `hasher` 或 `key_equal` 抛出异常时才会抛出。
注意：`template<class k="">` 重载仅在 `Hash::is_transparent` 和 `Pred::is_transparent` 是有效的成员 typedef，且 `iterator` 和 `const_iterator` 都不能从 `K` 隐式转换时参与重载决议。库假定 `Hash` 可同时使用 `K` 和 `Key` 调用，且 `Pred` 是透明的。这支持了异构查找，从而避免了实例化 `Key` 类型对象的开销。</class>
Erase Range
范围擦除
```c++ iterator erase(const_iterator first, const_iterator last); ```
```c++ iterator erase(const_iterator first, const_iterator last); ```
Erases the elements in the range from `first` to `last`.
擦除从 `first` 到 `last` 范围内的元素。
Returns:;; The iterator following the erased elements - i.e. `last`. Throws:;; Only throws an exception if it is thrown by `hasher` or `key_equal`. + + In this implementation, this overload doesn't call either function object's methods so it is no throw, but this might not be true in other implementations.
返回：被擦除元素之后的迭代器——即 `last`。
抛出：仅当 `hasher` 或 `key_equal` 抛出异常时才会抛出。
在此实现中，此重载不会调用任何函数对象的方法，因此不会抛出异常，但这在其他实现中可能并不成立。
```c++ void swap(unordered_multiset&) noexcept(boost::allocator_traits<Allocator>::is_always_equal::value && boost::is_nothrow_swappable_v<Hash> && boost::is_nothrow_swappable_v<Pred>); ```
```c++ void swap(unordered_multiset&amp;) noexcept(boost::allocator_traits<allocator>::is_always_equal::value &amp;&amp; boost::is_nothrow_swappable_v<hash> &amp;&amp; boost::is_nothrow_swappable_v<pred>); ```</pred></hash></allocator>
Swaps the contents of the container with the parameter.
交换容器的内容与参数的内容。
Erases all elements in the container.
擦除容器中的所有元素。
Postconditions:;; `size() == 0` Throws:;; Never throws an exception.
后置条件：`size() == 0` 抛出：永不抛出异常。
This function does not copy or move any elements and instead simply relocates the nodes from `source` into `*this`.
此函数不会拷贝或移动任何元素，而是仅仅将节点从 `source` 重新定位到 `*this` 中。
Pointers and references to transferred elements remain valid.
指向被转移元素的指针和引用保持有效。
hash_function
哈希函数
Returns:;; An iterator pointing to an element with key equivalent to `k`, or `b.end()` if no such element exists. Notes:;; The templated overloads containing `CompatibleKey`, `CompatibleHash` and `CompatiblePredicate` are non-standard extensions which allow you to use a compatible hash function and equality predicate for a key of a different type in order to avoid an expensive type cast. In general, its use is not encouraged and instead the `K` member function templates should be used. + + The `template<class K>` overloads only participate in overload resolution if `Hash::is_transparent` and `Pred::is_transparent` are valid member typedefs. The library assumes that `Hash` is callable with both `K` and `Key` and that `Pred` is transparent. This enables heterogeneous lookup which avoids the cost of instantiating an instance of the `Key` type.
返回：指向键与 `k` 等价的元素的迭代器；如果不存在这样的元素，则返回 `b.end()`。
注意：包含 `CompatibleKey`、`CompatibleHash` 和 `CompatiblePredicate` 的模板化重载是非标准扩展，允许您为不同类型的键使用兼容的哈希函数和相等谓词，以避免昂贵的类型转换。通常不鼓励使用它们，而应使用 `K` 成员函数模板。

`template<class k="">` 重载仅在 `Hash::is_transparent` 和 `Pred::is_transparent` 是有效的成员 typedef 时参与重载决议。库假定 `Hash` 可同时使用 `K` 和 `Key` 调用，且 `Pred` 是透明的。这支持了异构查找，从而避免了实例化 `Key` 类型对象的开销。</class>
```c++ size_type count(const key_type& k) const; template<class K> size_type count(const K& k) const; ```
```c++ size_type count(const key_type&amp; k) const; template<class k=""> size_type count(const K&amp; k) const; ```</class>
Returns:;; The number of elements with key equivalent to `k`. Notes:;; The `template<class K>` overload only participates in overload resolution if `Hash::is_transparent` and `Pred::is_transparent` are valid member typedefs. The library assumes that `Hash` is callable with both `K` and `Key` and that `Pred` is transparent. This enables heterogeneous lookup which avoids the cost of instantiating an instance of the `Key` type.
返回：键与 `k` 等价的元素数量。
注意：`template<class k="">` 重载仅在 `Hash::is_transparent` 和 `Pred::is_transparent` 是有效的成员 typedef 时参与重载决议。库假定 `Hash` 可同时使用 `K` 和 `Key` 调用，且 `Pred` 是透明的。这支持了异构查找，从而避免了实例化 `Key` 类型对象的开销。</class>
contains
包含
```c++ bool contains(const key_type& k) const; template<class K> bool contains(const K& k) const; ```
```c++ bool contains(const key_type&amp; k) const; template<class k=""> bool contains(const K&amp; k) const; ```</class>
Returns:;; A boolean indicating whether or not there is an element with key equal to `key` in the container Notes:;; The `template<class K>` overload only participates in overload resolution if `Hash::is_transparent` and `Pred::is_transparent` are valid member typedefs. The library assumes that `Hash` is callable with both `K` and `Key` and that `Pred` is transparent. This enables heterogeneous lookup which avoids the cost of instantiating an instance of the `Key` type.
返回：一个布尔值，指示容器中是否存在键等于 `key` 的元素。
注意：`template<class k="">` 重载仅在 `Hash::is_transparent` 和 `Pred::is_transparent` 是有效的成员 typedef 时参与重载决议。库假定 `Hash` 可同时使用 `K` 和 `Key` 调用，且 `Pred` 是透明的。这支持了异构查找，从而避免了实例化 `Key` 类型对象的开销。</class>
```c++ std::pair<iterator, iterator> equal_range(const key_type& k); std::pair<const_iterator, const_iterator> equal_range(const key_type& k) const; template<class K> std::pair<iterator, iterator> equal_range(const K& k); template<class K> std::pair<const_iterator, const_iterator> equal_range(const K& k) const; ```
```c++ std::pair<iterator, iterator=""> equal_range(const key_type&amp; k); std::pair<const_iterator, const_iterator=""> equal_range(const key_type&amp; k) const; template<class k=""> std::pair<iterator, iterator=""> equal_range(const K&amp; k); template<class k=""> std::pair<const_iterator, const_iterator=""> equal_range(const K&amp; k) const; ```</const_iterator,></class></iterator,></class></const_iterator,></iterator,>

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Returns:;; The iterator following the erased elements - i.e. `last`. Throws:;; Only throws an exception if it is thrown by `hasher` or `key_equal`. + + In this implementation, this overload doesn't call either function object's methods so it is no throw, but this might not be true in other implementations.
Returns:;; The iterator following the erased elements - i.e. `last`. Throws:;; Only throws an exception if it is thrown by返回：被擦除元素之后的迭代器——即 `last`。
抛出：仅当 `hasher` or或 `key_equal`. + + In this implementation, this overload doesn't call either function object's methods so it is no throw, but this might not be true in other implementations. 抛出异常时才会抛出。
在此实现中，此重载不会调用任何函数对象的方法，因此不会抛出异常，但这在其他实现中可能并不成立。
06/05/2026
User avatar admin

String added in the repository
Returns:;; The iterator following the erased elements - i.e. `last`. Throws:;; Only throws an exception if it is thrown by `hasher` or `key_equal`. + + In this implementation, this overload doesn't call either function object's methods so it is no throw, but this might not be true in other implementations.
Returns:;; The iterator following the erased elements - i.e. `last`. Throws:;; Only throws an exception if it is thrown by `hasher` or `key_equal`. + + In this implementation, this overload doesn't call either function object's methods so it is no throw, but this might not be true in other implementations.
06/05/2026
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Flags
safe-html, strict-same
Unit identifier
54785
Source string location
:969
String age
06/05/2026
Last updated
06/06/2026
Source string age
06/05/2026
Translation file AsciiDoc file
doc/modules/ROOT/pages/reference/unordered_multiset_zh_Hans.adoc, string 250