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`max_load_factor` doesn't let you set the maximum load factor yourself, it just lets you give a _hint_. And even then, the standard doesn't actually require the container to pay much attention to this value. The only time the load factor is _required_ to be less than the maximum is following a call to `rehash`. But most implementations will try to keep the number of elements below the max load factor, and set the maximum load factor to be the same as or close to the hint - unless your hint is unreasonably small or large.
`max_load_factor` doesn't let you set the maximum load factor yourself, it just lets you give a _hint_. And even then, the standard doesn't actually require the container to pay much attention to this value. The only time the load factor is _required_ to be less than the maximum is following a call to `rehash`. But most implementations will try to keep the number of elements below the max load factor, and set the maximum load factor to be the same as or close to the hint - unless your hint is unreasonably small or large.并不允许用户自行设定最大负载因子，该方法仅用于提供__提示__。即便如此，标准也并未强制要求容器必须严格遵守该数值。唯一强制要求负载因子必须小于最大值的场景是在调用 `rehash` 方法之后。但大多数实现会尝试将元素数量维持在最大负载因子以下，并将最大负载因子设定为与提示值相同或接近——除非用户提供的提示值过小或过大。
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Suggest a maximum load factor by calling `max_load_factor`.
Suggest a maximum load factor by calling用户可通过调用 `max_load_factor`. 方法来设定最大负载因子的建议值。
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Specify the minimum number of buckets when constructing a container or when calling `rehash`.
Specify the minimum number of buckets when constructing a container or when calling `rehash`.用户可在构造容器或调用 `rehash` 方法时指定桶数量的最小值。
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You can't control the bucket count directly but there are two ways to influence it:
You can't control the bucket count directly but there are two ways to influence it:用户无法直接控制桶的数量，但可通过以下两种方式间接调控：
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The standard leaves a lot of freedom to the implementer to decide how the number of buckets is chosen, but it does make some requirements based on the container's _load factor_, the number of elements divided by the number of buckets. Containers also have a _maximum load factor_ which they should try to keep the load factor below.
The standard leaves a lot of freedom to the implementer to decide how the number of buckets is chosen, but it does make some requirements based on the container's _load factor_, the number of elements divided by the number of buckets. Containers also have a _maximum load factor_ which they should try to keep the load factor below.标准规范虽未强制规定桶数量的具体选择方式，但基于容器的__负载因子__（即元素数量与桶数量的比值）提出了若干要求。同时，容器还设有一个__最大负载因子__，其运行过程中需始终将实际负载因子维持在该阈值以下。
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As more elements are added to an unordered associative container, the number of collisions will increase causing performance to degrade. To combat this the containers increase the bucket count as elements are inserted. You can also tell the container to change the bucket count (if required) by calling `rehash`.
As more elements are added to an unordered associative container, the number of collisions will increase causing performance to degrade. To combat this the containers increase the bucket count as elements are inserted. You can also tell the container to change the bucket count (if required) by calling `rehash`.当无序关联容器中的元素不断增加时，冲突次数会随之上升，从而导致性能下降。为解决此问题，容器会在插入元素过程中自动增加桶的数量。用户也可以通过调用 `rehash` 方法来按需调整容器的桶数量。
06/05/2026
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Controlling the Number of Buckets
Controlling the Number of Buckets桶数量控制
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`const_local_iterator cend(size_type n) const`
`const_local_iterator cend(size_type n) const`
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`const_local_iterator cbegin(size_type n) const`
`const_local_iterator cbegin(size_type n) const`
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`const_local_iterator end(size_type n) const`
`const_local_iterator end(size_type n) const`
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`const_local_iterator begin(size_type n) const`
`const_local_iterator begin(size_type n) const`
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`local_iterator end(size_type n)`
`local_iterator end(size_type n)`
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1.6+|Return begin and end iterators for bucket `n`.
1.6+|Return begin and end iterators for bucket `n`.返回编号为 `n` 的桶的起始与末尾迭代器。
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`local_iterator begin(size_type n)`
`local_iterator begin(size_type n)`
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Returns the index of the bucket which would contain `k`.
Returns the index of the bucket which would contain `k`.返回键 `k` 所对应的桶的索引。
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`size_type bucket(key_type const& k) const`
`size_type bucket(key_type const& k) const`
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The number of elements in bucket `n`.
The number of elements in bucket `n`.返回桶 `n` 中的元素数量。
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`size_type bucket_size(size_type n) const`
`size_type bucket_size(size_type n) const`
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An upper bound on the number of buckets.
An upper bound on the number of buckets.桶数量的上限。
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`size_type max_bucket_count() const`
`size_type max_bucket_count() const`
06/05/2026

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